Car Repair - How Proper Maintenance Can Save You Money

A lot of car repair costs can be avoided with proper maintenance and timely repair. Winter is an especially important time of year to perform certain annual maintenance tasks that will save you money and headache in the long run. In many parts of the country, winter brings hazardous temperatures and driving conditions. Keep your vehicle safe from unnecessary car repair by following these simple steps.

One of the simplest tasks should be done first and takes only a few seconds or a few dollars to complete. Open the radiator cap and check to makes sure that your antifreeze levels are adequate. The fluid in your radiator should be 50 percent antifreeze and 50 percent water. Make sure the level is topped off and that the ratio is correct for your part of the country. If you performed a radiator flush as recommended in the spring, this step should be relatively straightforward and simple. Otherwise, you may want to ask the garage that does your regular oil change to check the antifreeze mixture at the same time.

Next, you'll want to carefully inspect your tires. Winter driving conditions are often fatally hazardous and having good rubber on your tires goes a long way to keeping you and your family safe. Shops will offer an opinion on the remaining tread of your tires if you're unsure. The National Highway Transportation Safety Board claims that a good rule of thumb is to make sure you have at least 2/23" of depth. This may be adequate for the rest of the year, but serious winter driving on ice and snow is better accomplished with at least 4/32" of tread depth.

You'll also want to replace your wiper blades and check your windshield washer fluid. These two steps seem simple enough and they are a super cheap way to ensure you stay safe and avoid costly accidents this winter. Avoid bills from accidents caused by poor visibility. Wiper blades should be heavy duty and able to withstand the snow, sleet, sand and salt of winter driving. Washer fluid levels should always be topped up. In the past, many drivers added a bit of antifreeze to their washer fluid, but that is no longer necessary.

Other simple winter maintenance tasks you can do to help safe driving year-round include cleaning your battery posts, inspecting spark plug wires, inspecting brakes, and checking the engine oil. Many unnecessary car repair tasks are avoided with these simple maintenance tasks. They will help your engine run better for longer.

All that said, if you find yourself in the position of needing car repair or maintenance in the near future, don't hesitate to contact a reputable mechanic in your area. Find a dealer or mechanic that you trust and who will answer your questions and concerns openly and candidly. You should never feel like your mechanic is hiding anything from you. There are many reputable mechanics available in your area. It is worth your time and money to find someone you like and trust.

Free Auto Repair Manual - How To Find Your Free Auto Repair Manual Online

Need a free auto repair manual for your vehicle? The best way to find one for your specific car would be searching the Internet. There are literally thousands of website that offer free auto repair manuals online downloads. The most common format for those is a PDF document with is most convenient for nearly every Internet user.

For the most part you are not going to find every manual in one spot. This is going to depend on the make and model of your vehicle, as well as the year. In some cases you might even need the VIN number in order to find your specific manual. With a little foreknowledge, you should easily be able to find the right free auto repair manual online with no trouble at all.

For fastest results I would recommend such major search engines a Google or Yahoo. In order to eliminate too many search results while looking for a free auto repair manual online, remember to include the model and year of your car. This simple trick will save you lots of time you can otherwise waste on sifting through hundreds of irrelevant websites.

Probably the vast majority of these publications will require sign up with your email address for a newsletter of some sort. You can easily do this by making another email used just for web sites who often ask for your email. When you submit your email and sign up, you will then be shown where to view or download the free auto repair manual online.

In other cases, you might want to check the forums based around the specific vehicle you need repairs for. There are often many cases where people have asked questions about the same problems you are having, and helpful people with experience are more than wiling to guide you in the right direction. While this is technically not an actual automotive repair manual it can be very useful indeed when you are searching for answers.

Just remember that there are many less than honest web sites out there who will pretend that they have a free auto repair manual online. Use your best judgment before giving out your email address, as you will get nothing but endless emails from this type of site. By reading the content of the page before you sign up, it should be possible to determine if the site really has something useful to offer.

How to Remove Window Tint

Applying tinting film to car or household windows may be fun, but removing it can be tricky if you don't take your time. Here are a few ways to get rid of tinting film when it starts to bubble and look shabby or when you just get tired of the look. The methods are similar for removing tinting film from car and household windows.

First, gather your tools and supplies. Some type of knife will be needed to strip the film. A utility knife with a wide blade or an X-Acto® knife would do the job. Make sure you have several black thirty gallon trash bags available. The bigger the bag, the easier it will be to cut it to fit the size of your car window. You will also need fine steel wool pads, paper towels, glass cleaner, a drop cloth, and ammonia. If you prefer not to use straight ammonia because of the smell and inhalation hazards, choose a general cleaning product that contains ammonia. These will do, but read the label to make sure that ammonia is an ingredient.

To begin, the tinting film needs to be softened for removal. Spray the outside of the back car window with water. Tear open a trash bag and cover the window with it. Use the knife or a pair of scissors to cut the bag to fit the window. On the inside of the back window, remove all items from the window and the back seat. Lay a drop cloth over the back seat and the area directly under the back window to protect them from damage. Spray ammonia over the entire inside of the glass. A mask and goggles would keep the ammonia fumes from harming you. Again, fit a trash bag to the inside of the window. The bags keep the solutions from evaporating as they soften the tinting film. If it is a sunny day, turn the car so that the rear window or whatever car window you are working on gets the full force of the sun's rays. If no sun is about, try the car's defroster. Wait at least ten minutes before trying to strip the film.

For household windows, use soapy water to soften the tinting film instead of ammonia. No trash bags are needed for the windows in your house. Once the film has softened, start at the corner of the film and with your knife, peel the film back slowly. Once the film has been removed, clean the car windows with steel wool to remove residual pieces. Then use glass cleaner and paper towels. Household windows shouldn't need more than glass cleaner and paper towels to clean them. The removal process is now complete.

Visit http://www.LearnHowToRemove.com for a growing library of tips to remove those annoying messes in your life.

Auto Repair Costs: How You Are Ripped-Off Daily Under the Radar

Most know the most glaring auto repair pricing abuses: Service centers overcharging $100's even $1000's for repairs, or charging for service that was never done at all. To be sure, this still happens every day.

However, there are many other techniques which involve flying just low enough to avoid detection. The savvy repair shops increase the price so as not to set off any alarms. It's become so common that it's not just an accepted industry practice, but even service customers have accepted paying higher prices.

Knowing how ingrained price-gouging is within the automotive service industry, it's shocking (although understandable) that even service customers have succumbed to excessive car repair prices. I frequently hear service customers' state:

"Yeah, I know I was ripped off, but my car's fixed now." Or, "I know they charge too much, but they're convenient."

This is insane! To accept auto repair price-gouging is to allow its continuation. The difficult part, of course, is how to stop it. Given that the automotive service industry is so big and powerful (and so frightfully necessary) how does one battle such a force?

The first thing to understand is the degree to which this type of stealth-like price-gouging occurs. A two-decade undercover investigation has revealed that 98% of all repair shops (dealerships, local shops, and franchises) are price-gouging their customers in one form or another.

The following exchange, between a service manager and service advisor, provides an idea of the "scope of scamming" below the radar.

A service advisor asked his manager how to bill more hours per month, which is another way of asking how the advisor can make more money. The service manager casually stated:

"Simply add an additional two tenths to every ticket you write."

In other words, every customer this particular service advisor "helps," he was instructed by a superior to add a "little" extra. So if the labor rate is $100 per hour that would equal $20 "extra." Rather than pay $100 per hour, the service customer would actually pay $120.

$20 doesn't sound like much. However, whether it's an overcharge of $0.02 or $20, it's too much. If you visit a shop practicing just this strategy alone (there are hundreds of strategies, many applied simultaneously), you may get scammed $100's or more by year's end.

What's really shocking is that being ripped-off $100's over a year's time is actually minor!

Try $500-$5000!

Gap Insurance For Your Car And What Does It Cost?

Cars are great for transportation, but they're horrible investments. At no point is that more obvious than when you total your car in an accident. You bought that shiny new Ford Fusion for $20,000 a couple years ago, but you only got $10,000 from the insurance company for it. Even worse, you still owe $13,000 on the car loan.

What's up with that?

Gap insurance could have made up the difference in this scenario, but increasingly there are other options available.

What is Gap Insurance?

Sometimes referred to as loan/lease gap coverage or upside down insurance, gap insurance is a specialized form of auto insurance designed to do one thing and one thing only: make up the difference in what you purchased your car for and what the insurance company pays for it in the event it is totaled out in a claim. It's traditionally sold for a single premium (usually around $300 to $700) by an auto sales guys at signing.

Yes, that auto dealer's finance manager is an insurance agent too. Well, sort of. He's usually licensed to sell that gap insurance and something else called credit life, which I won't get into here.

Understanding the Terminology Behind Gap Insurance

To better understand how gap insurance works, you should first understand some basic insurance terminology. Auto insurance is designed to repair or replace losses incurred to your vehicle in such a manner that you neither profit nor lose from the deal. This idea is called indemnification. Indeed indemnification is arguably the single most important concept behind all insurance, not just auto insurance. As an example, a major insurance company recently alluded to indemnification by using the slogan gets you back to where you belong.

If it were all about indemnification then insurance would be easy. Of course it isn't. There are other factors to consider as well. For example, insurers need to know what caused caused your loss. This is known in the industry as the peril. Examples of perils common in car insurance include vandalism, theft, and auto glass damage due to missilesi.e. rocks).

Now stay with me here.

Some perils are specifically not covered by auto insurance. These are called exclusions. Common exclusions in auto insurance policies include intentional damage and depreciation. By definition, exclusions are specifically listed in your auto insurance policy.

So here's where gap insurance comes into play. Everyone knows automobile values depreciate over time. Depreciation is a peril because it causes a tangible loss to your vehicle. However, because depreciation is an exclusion in your policy, it's not covered by your auto insurance. Therefore this is the rationale for the existence of gap insurance. Stick with us and you'll pass the insurance licensing exam in any state in the country.

Do You Really Need Gap Insurance?

Many people skip gap insurance because frankly they think it's just another boondoggle the auto dealerships use to line their pockets. That isn't necessarily true, however it's also not necessarily true that you always need it. What is necessarily true is that you want talk to your insurance agent before you sign closing documents on a new car.

Chances are you're going to finance that new car you just purchased anyway, which means you're going to carry full coverage on the vehicle. You'll do it if for no other reason than the bank will make you. Failing to do so will compel them to force place full coverage insurance on your vehicle. You don't want to do that.

You do, however, want to see if your full coverage auto insurance includes gap insurance coverage as either an option or as a standard feature. Many companies offer this. In addition, an increasing number of companies offer options that allow you to replace a totaled vehicle with a new one within a certain time period.

Although the depreciation exclusion still exists on auto insurance policies, insurance companies are nonetheless sensitive to these concerns, not to mention eager to retain your business by offering more bells and whistles.

However, if your auto insurance doesn't offer any of these features, then you'll want to do one of two things, get another auto insurance company or go ahead and take the gap insurance. The only thing worse than being upside down in a vehicle is being upside down in a wrecked one.

Auto Repair - What To Do When You're Unhappy With Your Bill

Have you ever been handed a bill for auto repair that didn't match up with your expectations? If you've been to a mechanic enough times, this has probably happened to you. If you're fortunate, the sticker shock occurs before the actual work has been done and you can then choose to take your business elsewhere if you feel the price is out of line. If, however, the bill comes after your car is ready to go, you may have been unsure about what to do. Getting your car fixed can be expensive, but that doesn't mean you should be overcharged and ripped off. Here are some things you can do when you aren't satisfied with the price.

Compare the Estimate

Never get auto repair done without being given a written estimate. If you did so, then you may already be out of options. A business has the right to charge their customers virtually any price they want, with some exceptions. If you failed to ask how much you would be expected to pay, you may not have much of an argument after the bill arrives. But since few shops proceed with work without providing such an estimate, you'll probably have something to compare. Will the estimate always match exactly? Of course not-hence the word "estimate". But if the final bill is more than 10 percent over that amount, you should bring it up. A mistake may have been made.

Parts

While most shops charge a standard fee for labor which won't change much from mechanic to mechanic, parts can vary somewhat in price. This is especially true when you begin comparing aftermarket parts to OEM. If you think the price of a part quoted on your detailed bill doesn't sound right, you can always call around and see what other shops are charging for the same part. If you consistently get a lower price quoted to you, you may have a valid dispute. Ask your mechanic directly why you were charged so much more for this particular part.

Double Repairs

Perhaps you weren't expecting to pay for anything at all. When a shop fails to fix a problem the first time or fixed it in such a way that it simply broke again a month or two later, most consumers expect that the second auto repair will be free of charge. But you shouldn't make assumptions like this before handing over your keys. Make sure you and your shop are on the same page. If you are charged and you didn't expect to be, show them your receipt from the last time and ask for an explanation.

Diagnostic Equipment on the Mobile Service Van - Changing Tradition

So many people today appreciate the convenience that technology brings to their lives, but persist in seeing auto repair methods as a never changing routine. They know engines have been computerized, but still envision the greasy auto mechanic, elbow deep in the engine, in his shop trying to "find the problem".

If that is the view you have of modern auto repair services then you are in for a wonderful surprise. The same technology which brings you so many luxuries in your life has also impacted the auto industry. Thanks to computerization, mobile service vans can carry the equipment needed to diagnose the problems with the most current engines and auto electrical systems.

Fast and Accurate

So what does this mean? It means that Mobile Car Care can bring the auto shop without the grease, unless grease is needed, to wherever you car is parked. Mobile auto repair services provide state-of-the-art diagnostic ability for your ultimate convenience. The best news is that you are getting the same quality service you would get if you left your car at the repair shop all day.

The computer diagnostic machine which is carried on the van equipped for roadside service is high tech and designed to enable the technician to give fast and accurate service. In essence, the primary diagnostic equipment is a computer which can be connected to your engine or electrical circuit. The computer then does a diagnostic check which results in fault codes displayed on a monitor.

The codes tell the repair technician the exact problems. The fault codes are cross referenced to a listing of codes and each code has a description of the likely mechanical, electrical, or component failure. The old days of "test this" and "test that" are often eliminated thanks to technology. Mobile Car Care makes sure the latest diagnostic programs are accessed and that mobile van equipment is kept up-to-date.

Of course, not everyone drives a new car. There are plenty of five year, ten year, and older cars on the road. You can still rely on the mobile service van for great auto, truck, and van repairs because technicians are trained to repair early and late model vehicles.

All in One

The roadside mobile van brings you the testing equipment, repair equipment, and the technician in one unit. The kind of diagnostic equipment carried includes the following.

* Scan Tools / Diagnostic Computers

* Cooling system diagnostic/pressure tester

* Fuel injection tester

* Electrical system tester

* Ignition system tester

* Diagnostic computer for accessing technical information and fault codes

* Spare parts including thermostats, belts, fuses and cables

* Hand tools and a variety of small testing equipment

This is a short listing to give you an idea of the comprehensive repair equipment carried on a Mobile Car Care van. In most cases, the vehicle repair can be completed wherever your car is parked or has broken down. But in the event the vehicle must be towed to the workshop, our roadside service company is prepared to get that job done too.

Auto Glass Repair: Why You Should Fix Your Automotive Glass Now!

Small chips and cracks in your automotive glass may seem like a minor issue that you can easily ignore, but that's not the best idea! There are several reasons you should get your windshield or car window repaired right away. The biggest is simply to save yourself some major time and hassle.

Did you know that windshield crack repair is possible, in most cases, for breaks up to six inches long? This is both the good news and the bad news, however. Small chips and cracks in window and windshield glass can be fixed, but larger fissures require that you replace the entire piece of glass. With auto glass repair being so much more affordable than complete window or windshield replacement, it just makes sense to get your vehicle fixed--while you still can. That's because the chip or small crack isn't guaranteed to stay minute. A whole host of conditions (many of them common occurrences while you're on the road) can all make the damage spread. These can include temperature shifts that cause the windshield glass to expand or contract, potholes or speed bumps that jostle the vehicle, and even contact with your windshield wipers. And in many cases, once the damage has spread, you're stuck shelling out for a whole auto glass replacement rather than an affordable repair.

The repair process itself is extremely straightforward, and many auto glass shops provide mobile services so they can come directly to your location. After the damaged area has been cleaned to ensure maximum adhesion, the windshield crack repair pro will apply a specialized epoxy resin that will completely fill the space of the chip/break. Once fully cured, this fix will provide twofold benefits: for starters, the auto glass repair is practically invisible, so your window or windshield will look just like new; secondly, because the resin reinforces the once-damaged area, your car window glass will be protected from spreading cracks.

Now, if you're thinking that windshield repairs sound so easy you can handle them yourself, you should reconsider. While repairing chipped or cracked car window glass looks easy when a professional tackles the job, it's a whole other story when it comes to do-it-yourself work. Automotive glass repair requires specialized resins and the appropriate tools for applying and curing this material. If it's not done right, your DIY windshield chip repair can result in a real mess on your glass, but the real danger is in not reinforcing the chip/crack adequately. When amateur repairs go awry, they fail to stabilize the original damage, and after a sudden cold snap or high speed bump, the flaw could turn into a spreading crack--one that requires complete windshield replacement.

Windshield and car window repairs cost, on average, between $50 and $100. Windshield replacement usually starts around $300. So instead of putting off your car window repair or trying to do it yourself, if you've noticed damage to your window or windshield glass, contact your local professional for immediate service. You'll save yourself time, hassle, and money in the end, so don't hesitate to seek automotive glass services to repair that chip or crack today!

The Steps You Need To Take To Have Your Windshield Replaced

If you are driving down the road and the truck in front of you kicks a rock onto your windshield, changes are the glass is cracked. The first time you have a cracked windshield you may not have a clue what you are supposed to do to have the windshield repaired. You know you need to find a glass company but you do not know how long the replacement will take and how much you are going to have to pay for the repairs. If this is your first time scheduling auto windshield replacement, refer to this guide and learn the process so you know what to expect.

Find a Reputable Glass Company

Before you can schedule an appointment you need to find a reputable company in your area specializing in windshields and glass as a whole. Price is not the only thing you should consider when you are comparing each company. You need to review their hours, whether or not they offer guarantees, if they offer mobile services, and if their technicians are trained. After you narrow your list based on what you find, you can move on to the next step.

Request a Quote and Schedule Your Appointment

Now that you know what company you want to perform your windshield replacement it is time to request a quote. You can request a quote online by providing your vehicle's year, make, and model. You can also call the company for the quote. If you agree with the price, you can schedule an appointment onsite or a mobile appointment. If you schedule a mobile appointment, make sure you send the technician to the address you will be located at the time of your appointment.

Call Your Insurance Company To See What Is Covered

If you have never scheduled windshields replacement then you probably did not know that your insurance company may cover the cost. If you carry comprehensive coverage on your policy the insurance company will pay for everything but the deductible on your policy. Make sure you ask what your glass deductible is and then see if some of the cost, or the entire cost, will be covered by your policy.

Ask the Glass Company to File Your Claim For You

If you choose a large glass company that partners with your insurance company the provider will file your claim for you. They will talk to the company and ask them to forward them the invoice. This means you do not have to pay for the replacement and then wait for reimbursement. Make sure you tell the glass company you want them to handle your claim before the work is done to prevent any complications.

As you can see, replacing your windshield is not as difficult as you might have thought. The best replacement companies will do all of the hard work for you so you can be on your way. Make sure you understand the importance of researching the companies you choose and ask your insurance company for recommendations if you are not sure where to start.

Save Your Paint Job - How to Repair a Car Scratch

It's Friday night and you have just left a card game with the guys and then it happens; time freezes. Your jet black paint job from MaCCo is ruined by a white key scratch. What kind of person would do that, what kind of sick and twisted individual would do such a thing as scratch a fresh paint job? As you become the focus of the humor on the highway; you begin to think, "How on earth will I get this fixed before my next date?"

The Do it yourself Car Scratch Remover Guide

Removing scratches can be a very simple task; but very costly if it is not done correctly. Most people because of convenience go directly to professionals when they simply don't have the time. But in most cases you have to go to the professionals simply because the scratch is too deep to remove with a scratch remover/repair. Most car scratches, such as key marks and pebble marks from driving on the highway can easily be removed; here are also some other minor scratches that wont cost you a bunch.

a) Random/miscellaneous scratches.

b) Cob-web effects.

c) Pore-Imbedding strains.

d) Oxidation ( Rust)

e) Acid Rain Spots.

f) Dried bird droppings (parking under trees in the summer)

g) Buffer Swirls (from buffing too hard the last time)

These scratches are normally 1000-600 grit which can easily be fixed or buffed. But at 2000 grit the scratch has penetrated to deep into the surface. That's when the professionals have to step in; the conventional compound or scratch remover would not suffice.

Car Scratch: Getting the Right Tools to Secure Your Paint Job
As you begin to walk through the isles of your local AutoZone or Advanced Auto Parts you begin seeking the right tools. Many online stores also carry variations of paint leveler since the standard compound hurts newer paints. The new paint levelers have heat reducing abrasives that flatten under heat; pretty cool since this now works on almost all modern paint jobs. Now that we have the basics let's get started. Remember your date is tomorrow and you only have one day. First let's get the tools squared away.

Things you will need to repair a minor scratch:

a) Body Compound found at chains such as Auto Zone or Advance Auto Parts.

b) Primer Paint found at your local dealership service center.

c) Sandpaper. (cut into squares)

d) Two towels or pieces of cloth (one wet and one kept dry)

e) Two buckets (one with soap the other plain water).

f) Small paint brush; about an inch to two inch brush.. (Home Depot or local hardware store)

g) Car Polish.

h) Any scratch removing agent such as (Quixx Car Scratch Removal)

Now that we are all on the same page with the materials let's remember that some scratch removers may vary in price, so make sure while you are at AutoZone that you select the correct scratch remover. Older model cars and light scratches work fine with standard body compounds; and do not require all of the supplies listed above. But for deeper scratches you will need all the supplies and sunshine. Now let's begin; but first before you even think about buffing or polishing; wash your vehicle clean. Dirt and grime will make for a very bad paint job, making it appear like melted bird droppings.

Repair Minor Car Scratches

For minor scratches it's pretty simple:

1. Using the wet cloth; apply the polishing compound to the damaged area.

2. Gently rub the compound into damaged area with circular motion.(allowing it to harden)

3. After applying to damaged area use the soap and water to wash area.

4. Apply wax to towel or sponge and gently dub the area in a circular motion.

5. Using a clean piece of cloth gently rub the surface clean.

Repair Deeper Car Scratches

1. Now that was pretty simple. Now back to reality. This key mark was pretty big and a simple duff and polish would not do the job. So you now need to spend a bit more money and spend a bit more time. Don't worry; here are the steps to repairing that deep emotional scar; which we call paint terrorism.

2. Using one piece of sand paper, carefully sand the area. (clean area immediately after)

3. Apply compound directly to the scratch.(allowing it to harden)

4. Using the sand paper gently sand the body compound. (do not sand to hard or to long you may end up doing more harm than good)

5. Clean the area of all dust and deposits.

6. Using the one inch brush apply the primer paint to the scratch; just like in elementary school stay within the lines.

7. Put the paint brush in water so it can be re-used for applying the touch-up-paint.

8. Allow the paint to dry; which may take a while. (grad a bite to eat and watch the 5th inning)

9. Take a trip down to the dealer service center to get the exact paint match for your vehicle; this is the most important step. ( supply your V.I.N to the dealer to get the exact color)

10. Gently apply touch-up paint to the scratches.

11. Now it looks like new. (well almost)

You have followed the steps and are now ready for the date. The scratches are gone; you picked up your dry cleaning and your date is sending promising text messages. Then you get the call from your crazy ex-girlfriend; her evil laugh sends chills down you spine. It's the paint terrorist, she called to claim responsibility for her actions and boast about how great it felt. Little did she know; you have taken care of the problem. Your care is back to being a Superhero and heroes always save the day.

Safety First When It Concerns Auto Brake Repair

A car has many parts and if one part is worn out or not functioning properly the car won't work well or it may not even be safe to drive. One of the most important parts of a car is the brake system. If your brakes won't work properly it puts you in danger so it is important that you always have your brakes checked on a regular basis. If you even feel like something is wrong, have it checked out immediately by a quality mechanic.

Here are some important precautionary measures that will inform you when you need a brake repair.

If you hear a screeching sound when you press on the brakes of your car, you should immediately get your brakes inspected. This noise occurs when one metal surface is rubbing against another metal surface causing the screeching sound. If you hear this sound it usually means the pads of the brakes are worn down to the metal and you need to get them replaced. Be advised though that some brand new cars may have a screeching sound when the brakes are pressed but the sound will usually stop when the car is driven some and the pads are broken in. It is always better to be safe though and have it checked by a professional mechanic.

If you step on your brake pedal and your steering wheel wiggles, then you probably need your brakes repaired. When your wheel wiggles or vibrates it is a sign that something is wrong with your rotors and they need to be inspected and possibly replaced. Rotors are the round metal discs that the brake pads clamp onto when the pedal is depressed. You can also have rotors machined down to make them last longer by taking the grooves out of them. This process is called turning the rotors.

The brake system of any car should be well taken care of. When you apply your brakes make sure to stop in a smooth motion and not slam on the brakes to make them last as long as possible. If you apply the brakes and the brake pedal feels mushy or goes quickly down all the way this could mean you have air in your brake lines and you need to have them bled right way. It is important to have your brake system checked immediately when this happens as it can be a very dangerous situation.

Having a brake repair done can be expensive especially when you take your vehicle to an auto care service center. If you have no knowledge about car repairs the best thing to do is to talk a technician about what is wrong with your car. But if you are mechanically inclined and think you can handle fixing the problem on your own you can save a lot of money. Replacing brake pads, adding brake fluid, and bleeding the lines are not that hard to do. But if you are unsure it is best to have your vehicle fixed by an expert.

Your brakes will usually give you signs when something is wrong. You can actually tell if you need a brake repair by just paying attention to your vehicle and listening to what it tells you.

Automotive Industry Provides the Most Lucrative Career Option Today!

The automotive industry is one among the most booming industries in the world. It has not only left a mark on the economy but also on the world cultures. The automotive industry is greatly involved in the manufacturing, designing, developing, marketing and selling automobiles.

The automotive industry produces automobiles and various gasoline- powered vehicles like buses, trucks, airplanes, motorcycles, and also electricity-powered vehicles such as trains. With the growth in automobiles, there has also been tremendous growth in automotive jobs like: automotive technician jobs, automotive service manager jobs, store manager jobs, auto repair jobs etc. Besides giving lucrative jobs,huge amount of revenue is also generated. The automotive job provides the necessary base for a wide range of other services and related industries.

Today, the automobile has now transformed from a luxury item to everyday necessity. Gone are the days when only a few successful businessmen could think of buying a car. In the days of past, car was more than a need, it was considered as a status symbol. Only the possession of a car was enough to mark the economic stability of a person.

Today, things have changed. There are different types of cars available, from the highly lavish and stylish to the little low budgeted cars that can suit the pocket of everyone who has an average income. Each passing day, with the extensive competition and development in the technology, there are more numbers of different car models are coming into the market. This increase in the models of new cars gives the consumer the freedom to choose the one that best suits his requirements and needs.

With the facility of car loans offered by the banks, it has become more convenient to buy automobile of your own. Due to the high competition and the use of modern technology in manufacturing vehicles, some cars are also available at an affordable price. These factors have also helped a lot in increasing the number of different model cars as well as new jobs on the automobile industry.

These are some reason that shows why there is exponential growth of automotive industry and this industry has become a lucrative business. And if you really are fascinated by the automobiles, then finding yourself a promising automotive jobs can be a good option in the automobile industry.

3 Simple Steps to Market Your Auto Repair Shop and Increase Car Counts - And They're Cheap!

You've seen those ads that I am talking about. Auto Service and Repair Shop owners constantly spend (read that as waste) money on advertising that doesn't work. Owners constantly tell me that they don't get any results no matter what they do. They place ads in newspapers; they run flyers; they do direct mail (the wrong way) and contract for 'val-paks'. The only common things shop owners tell me is that the results are about the same. Nothing!

So as an Auto Repair Shop owner, how do you fix this? What can you do to quit wasting money on foolish ads that only 'make you feel good to see your name in print' but still get no results?

Follow these three steps:

1) FOCUS ON THE 68%: In surveys, when asked why customers stop doing business with a company, 68% of the response is because of a 'perceived indifference'. Huh? In other words, 68% of your customers just plain and simple THINK YOU DON'T CARE.

Do you? Do you really want that customer to return to your shop for all of their auto service needs? Then show them! Tell them that you care!

How do you do that? There's a lot of ways, but consider these really inexpensive options and use as many as you can. Send them follow up 'Thank You' cards. Make a follow up phone call a few days after the service to be sure everything is ok. Send out 'Thank You' gifts to good customers that spend a 'predetermined' amount with you. (You pick the gift - You pick the amount of money - But this is a sure fire way to keep customers returning!) Offer special 'Customer Only' Bounce Back Coupons and give discounts for them to return to your shop. Send out direct mail with targeted offers that they're interested in. There's a bunch of things you can do that focus on your EXISTING customers.

Overall, what I am telling you is that you've already got the customer list. You don't have to look far for a list to market to. Just let them know you really care about their business.

2) TAKE BABY STEPS: There isn't a single strategy that's going to make 'fountains of cash' appear overnight. It's just not going to happen and whenever somebody tells you that 'they can make that happen', don't walk - run! There isn't any single strategy that's going to work. It takes a bunch of little strategies.

But when you take 'Baby Steps' you work in small, incremental ways to build your business. You're never caught with an advertising run that's not working but is still going to end up costing thousands. In fact, you have little if any investment. And best of all, you can make changes or 'tweaks' when you see some strategies aren't working as well as others.

Best of all, these 'Baby Steps' mean that you're saving a ton of money. Most of these simple strategies can be done 'in house'. The worse case scenario is that you need to hire a part time student to keep your mailing list or data up to date or maybe stuff envelopes for mailing. But that's not a lot.

3) TAKE ACTION - DO IT NOW!: I can't tell you how many times I have seen auto services shop owners attend events, read books or purchase marketing information with good intent. But they don't do anything. Nothing changes if nothing changes. You've got to take the first step and start to implement strategies. Those strategies will grow right along side your car count and bank account. I promise!

How to Become a Car Mechanic in the UK

Car mechanics specialise in the service and repair of vehicles. They work on the maintenance and repairing of all aspects of cars, by performing preventative and restorative work on the engine, electrics, gears, brakes, exhaust system, security features, fuel pump and air conditioning. Car mechanics will also carry out the routine servicing of vehicles, and providing advice for customers on the condition of their vehicles, and will carry out tests for mechanical faults.

If a vehicle has a serious problem, then the driver will not only need the fault to be repaired, but will want the task to be performed correctly, and in a manner that prevents any future recurrences. Only an experienced and qualified car mechanic can provide this level of service. So, car mechanics have an important role to play in the repairing and checking of a large number of vehicles, in and industry with approx 31million cars on the road in the UK.

Education
Those who hope to one day work as a car mechanic are expected to have good GCSE results in Mathematics, Science, Design Technology and English. However, although employers want to know that aspiring mechanics can demonstrate knowledge of science and engineering, and possess strong practical abilities, they will still need training. One of the ways that this can be achieved is through an apprenticeship.

Apprenticeships
Trainee car mechanics can undertake an apprenticeship with a qualified employer, although they are often limited to school leavers, and those aged 25 or under.

Apprenticeship programmes involve two parts of training: part of it will be practical on-the-job training within motor mechanics, and the other part will be theoretical training. Apprenticeships comprise of studying for an NVQ qualification such as NVQ Level 2 Vehicle Maintenance and Repair, and functional skills in Maths and English. Other apprenticeship schemes will start with a Level 3 qualification, which generally require entry level qualifications such as a minimum of 4-5 GCSE's including Maths and English, or equivalent BTEC qualifications.

Apprenticeships are one of the main ways of getting into the industry. Huge giants in the car industry such as BMW, Honda and Jaguar carry out recruitment of apprentices each year, and one of the biggest tips is to study their website to see the key qualities and behaviours they are looking for.

Qualifications
An alternative to an apprenticeship for aspiring mechanics is to earn qualifications through a course. In the United Kingdom, there are several different qualifications in vehicle mechanics, which each have their own unique core elements. This will provide you with the necessary training to become a car mechanic.

A BTEC covers motor vehicle management and technology. This is designed for those who hope to manage motoring companies in the future. There are two BTEC's: a HNC and a HND. A HNC is a Higher National Certificate, or a BTEC Edexcel Higher National Certificate in Vehicle Operations Management, to give its full title. This course looks at managing people, managing resources, finance for vehicle operations and a specific project. This is considered equivalent to a GCSE level qualification. Getting this certificate allows you to progress towards getting a HND; a BTEC Edexcel Higher National Diploma in Vehicle Operations Management. The core modules are the same, but are more detailed and advanced. Getting the Diploma is considered to be the equivalent of a degree in motor mechanics.

The City & Guilds offers a large number of different qualifications. They are tailored towards different aspects of motor mechanics, and are based on the experience level and knowledge of students. For instance, the City & Guilds Level 1 IVQ Certificate in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair focuses on basic aspects of motor mechanics, such as being able to use tools and common workshop equipment, and knowing how to identify joining methods and materials. However, at Level 2, the qualification becomes a diploma, and focuses on more advanced aspects of motor mechanics, including the removal and replacement of engine units and components, auxiliary electrical units, and chassis units.

The City & Guilds do offer other courses, however. For instance, the Award in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair is a QCF (Qualifications and Credit Framework) is a qualification earned over a short period of time, with three different levels (depending on one's experience). The qualification is well respected within the industry, and is a valuable one for aspiring car mechanics to have when seeking employment.

What Employers Are Looking For?
The first thing employers will want to see is your knowledge of motor vehicle technology and new developments in the industry. Of course, your qualifications will also be considered.

In addition, employers will be looking at your background, not only for industrial arts and safety, but also some computer science. You must hold a driving licence that is valid for the type of vehicles you'll be serving. You have to be in good physical condition, given the demands of the position. And it helps to possess good problem-solving skills, and to be able to work quickly and accurately.

Customer service is extremely important. There will be times when you need to explain problems to customers, and also you will have to deal with irate customers, so showing understanding and patience can be crucial in retaining customers and building business if either you work for an employer or you become self employed.

Flexibility and hard work are crucial abilities employers look for. Car mechanics will need to work late in the evenings and work some weekends. Hard work and dedication are the key traits needs to succeed especially when working on car by yourself, were concentration is a necessity.

How Much Money Will I Make as a Car Mechanic in the UK?
The starting salary for a car mechanic, or for a trainee mechanic, ranges between 瞿7,000 and 瞿11,000 on apprenticeship schemes. The actual figure will be determined by both age and experience. With the necessary qualifications, a car mechanic's annual salary will rise to between 瞿13,000 and 瞿20,000, depending on who they work for and where. With experience, the annual salary should rise to around 瞿26,000.

If a car mechanic is self-employed, however, then their salary can vary, month by month. It will depend on how much work they have to do, the tasks that they perform, and the frequency of their work. Therefore, self-employed car mechanics do not determine their salary on an annual basis, but job-by-job. It's worth noting that most self-employed car mechanics will start off by working for a business, and once they have gotten experience and earned enough money, they will then be able to support themselves by being self-employed. Self employed mechanics can in essence earn what they want, as with all jobs when you work for yourself it depends on how hard you want to work.

Pros and Cons of Becoming a Car Mechanic in the UK
There are pros and cons to being a car mechanic. The key positives and negatives are listed below.

PROS
• For car lovers, the chance to make a living by practicing your hobby
• opportunities to work on other vehicles, such as motorcycles
• You will have the necessary skills to repair your own vehicles
• More computer-based work for modern mechanics; not solely physical

CONS
• Work environments can be poorly lit and dirty
• Mislaying tools and car parts can lead to injuries
• Some of the machinery can be very noisy
• You may be in uncomfortable positions for an extended period of time

Helpful Contact Information

For details on the different roles, skills required and necessary qualifications of a car mechanic, visit:
MyJobSearch.com
http://www.myjobsearch.com/careers/mechanic.html

For more information about the City & Guilds qualifications, contact:
City & Guilds Head Office
1 Glitspur Street
London
EC1A 9DD
Telephone 0844 543 0000

Apprenticeships
http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/

The Correct Way to Spray Your Truck Bed With DIY Liner

Most people with a pickup truck use it fairly regularly to haul things. Whether it's furniture, tools, or construction supplies you'll notice pretty quickly that anything you haul in a truck is going to mess up the finish over time. Luckily, there are a couple different ways to prevent this. If you've got the money to spare and don't want to bother with doing the extra work, you can get a custom drop in liner installed at most auto repair shops. Otherwise, you'll need to get a DIY liner. It should be mentioned that DIY truck bed liners can either be sprayed on or brushed on, like any latex paint. This guide is going to assume you're using spray on liner but it works just as well for the brush on variety. No matter which kind you use, though, putting it on can be fairly difficult if you're not familiar with how to do it, so read these steps carefully before you do anything.

First off, you're going to need to take a few steps to get ready to spray the liner on. If you've done a good bit of painting, you're probably familiar with most of these steps already. You need to remove anything that's not getting painted before you start working. This includes the cargo tie points and any rubber plugs in the bed. You're also going to want to remove the tailgate, as this will be painted separately. The rubber plugs should be easy enough to remove, but you're most likely going to want a socket wrench to remove the cargo tie points. This step doesn't take very long, so take the extra time to make sure you didn't miss any plugs. The last thing you want is to spray on the liner and have it ruined in a couple of years because you missed a small plug that's been moving around under the liner. Once that's done, you can move on to the second prep step.

This is a pretty quick step and it shouldn't cause any hassle, especially for anyone who's done any amount of painting, but it is fairly important. You need to get a good sized roll of scotch or painter's tape, as well as some heavy paper, and tape off everything you don't want painted. You can do this the long way, covering every part of the back of your truck in paper and taping it down, but there is a faster way. First, put the paper over the back window and tape it in place. The bottom of your back window will serve as a good marker, in most cases, for how high up the back you want your liner to go. Simply tape the paper in a straight line, going out in both directions, even with the bottom of the window. After that, you simply tape the paper along the edge of the truck bed so that the side you didn't tape is pointing away from the truck. This will give you a good margin of error for when you're spraying. As long as you're careful, you shouldn't get liner anywhere but in the bed. The tailgate is fairly easy to tape, luckily, since you're basically only spraying a square. Four lines of tape and paper and you're done. Once you're done with that, the hard prep work begins.

This is where the process starts to get a little time consuming. You're going to have to scuff up the truck's bed and the inside of the tailgate with sandpaper in order to give the liner a surface to bond to. If you have a fairly new truck, you've got an easy way to tell when you've sanded enough. Essentially, you want to sand until the paint job doesn't look shiny anymore. If the truck is older and doesn't really have a shine, you're basically just scuffing the bed clean. One of the worst things you can do, as anyone who's painted with latex paint can tell you, is try to use paint that solidifies into a sheet on a dirty surface. Over the years, this can lead to bubbles under the lining, meaning you'll have to tear it out and start again. This is not a fun task, as you can imagine. Once you're done prepping the truck bed and tailgate, you're almost ready to spray.

Once you've got the truck bed and tailgate nice and scuffed, you're going to need to get rid of the loose paint powder and dirt that's lying in the bed now. This step is really as easy as taking a vacuum to the whole bed and either vacuuming or sweeping off the tailgate. After you've got the loose stuff sucked away, you're going to need to clean it with acetone. For obvious safety reasons, rubber gloves and a painter's mask or gas mask are essential for this step. You'll want to do this cleaning in a well ventilated area, even with your breathing protection, so make sure your garage has a good vent if you're not doing this outside. The upside of this step is that it shouldn't take too long to finish. Acetone is never fun to work with but it gets the job done pretty quickly. Once you've finished giving the bed and tailgate a good thorough cleaning, you're ready to start spraying.

This is the relatively easy part of the process. Take the time to read the manufacturer's instructions, as they may vary slightly from brand to brand, before continuing. If they say something different from this guide, follow the instructions. Now, being careful to stay inside your painted area, you're going to spray your first coat on. Do your best to move your hand steadily while you spray it so you get an even coat. Most liners require three coats so you need to let that dry and repeat the process twice more. After the last coat has dried, you reinstall the plugs, cargo tie points, and tailgate. With that last step, you're done installing your new bed liner.

That's all there is to it. Installing a DIY liner is a fairly time consuming process but it's not overly difficult. Take your time and you'll end up with a quality liner you can be proud of. Just remember, any time that the manufacturer's directions say something different than this guide, you should follow the manufacturer's directions.

Average Auto Repair Costs

In 1960, the average auto repair cost for a popular midsize car driven for 15,000 miles a year was about $8,053. After a decade, the cost got cheaper and averaged about $7,770. In 2000, that figure went down to $6,880.

Having your vehicle repaired really does mean that you have to shell out some hard-earned cash from time to time. This is the reason why most people try to keep their cars in tiptop shape through regular maintenance. The continued upkeep of a vehicle helps it perform at optimum levels and lessens the risk of a total breakdown. It also helps fix problems while they are still manageable and do not yet affect a significant part of the car's systems. It is better to pay for car tune-ups every so often than to rack up bills for a major problem.

Take a look at your vehicle. You will see that it is made up of individual parts connected to form a bigger functioning whole. The performance of a system depends on the efficiency of its parts. If one part does not work as well as it should, the entire car system is affected. This is why it is important to identify damage or malfunction right away. When you recognize a problem early, you are able to solve it more promptly, saving yourself big expenses in the long run.

Here are a few systems found in a vehicle, along with the average cost of their repairs. The four-wheel drive's differential and transfer case, for example, has an average repair cost of $1100. Containing over a hundred parts, the air conditioner and heater system could incur repair costs as high as $700. The brake system, which is also comprised of more than a hundred parts, has an average repair cost of $350.

When the cooling system breaks down, you can pay as much as $465 on average to get it fixed. Drive axles and differentials have over 70 parts and the price of their repairs falls between $500 and $1000. Repair costs for your car's electrical systems can reach $800. Troubleshooting your engine costs about $2000. You pay an average of $550 for repairs on the fuel system and $600 for the steering system.

Important Facts About Auto Glass

Auto glass looks just like every other glass we know of but it functions in a different way. It refers to all the glass that surrounds the passengers inside the vehicles. These include the vehicle's windshields, glass panel roofs, and the side and rear windows. These types of glass have been designed and manufactured with the safety of the vehicle's passengers in mind.

The windshield, for example, is a framed pane that is found in front of a vehicle. It is designed to primarily protect its occupants from the wind. But its functions go beyond that. The windshield is an integral part of a vehicle's safety restraint system. This glass helps strengthen the structural support in the car's cabin for up to 45% in cases of collision. In case your car rolls over, it keeps the roof from caving in and crushing you. It also allows the car's airbags to deploy properly and prevents the passengers from being ejected from the vehicle in a serious collision. This is why it is important to have it installed properly.

It is also an important element in the safety package of your vehicle. Hence, proper replacement should be considered a high priority if it is damaged. Not only will it maintain your vehicle's structural integrity but it also ensures that the vehicle's safety features are functional. The Auto Glass Replacement Safety Standards Council, a not-for-profit corporation, is one of several agencies that ensure proper auto glass replacement procedures are being followed and that the company tasked to do the replacement is registered with the AGRSS.

Since cars are likely to encounter more than a dozen strains in its lifetime, from potholes to fender benders, the auto glass is designed to better withstand exposure to environmental tensions than the standard type of glass that shatters easily. Because of this consideration, the auto glass is manufactured into two types of safety glass, which serve different functions. The first is laminated glass, which is designed to protect the vehicle's structure and is the type used for the windshield. Tempered glass is the other type, which is specifically made to protect the passengers and is used for the side and rear windows.

Noting their importance, consumers should be careful when buying or replacing it. If your car's windshield has obtained severe damage, do not put off getting a replacement. Also, make sure that the companies or technicians working on your replacements have certifications from the National Glass Association and the AGRSS, among others. Once the damaged windshield has been replaced with a new one, wait for the recommended time to elapse before driving the car again.

Indeed, from its humble beginnings in the early 20th century, auto glass has improved significantly. It has been manipulated and innovated to become more shatter and puncture resistant, and has been improved to optimize passenger safety. Car manufacturers and auto glass makers continue to make it safer, stronger, easier to recycle, and more adaptable for new cars.

Automotive Painting and Body Technician Courses

Automotive Painting and Body Technician courses provide students with hands-on-training and experience for work as an Auto Body Technician and Automotive Refinishing Prep Technician, two fields that are in constant demand. Automotive Painting and Body Technician courses focus on developing the skills required to ensure successful entry into an automotive painting and bodywork profession.

The automotive Industry remains one of the most important in North America, despite the restructuring that has captured so much attention. There continues to be mass competition, significant advances in technology, including many "green initiatives", and ongoing demand to repair and service the some 500 million cars that are already on the road.

Automotive Painting and Body Technician courses will often cover the following topics:

• Introduction to the Automotive Industry and shop safety


• Automotive detailing


• Automotive refinishing prep tools and shop procedures


• Materials


• Surface preparation


• Small dent repair


• Priming


• Plastic parts refinishing


• Masking procedures


• Introduction to refinishing procedures


• Tools and equipment


• Welding technology


• Sheet metal repair


• Vehicle construction technology


• Plastic repair technology

The pay structure for a Refinishing Prep and Auto Body Technician leaves plenty of room for earning growth. On average, Collision Repair Technicians make between $40,000 and $56,000 per year. Pursuing a career in auto body repair painting means you can pursue entry-level positions with a long list of potential employers, including:

• New car dealers


• Retail collision repair facilities


• Custom specialty shops


• Heavy duty truck repair facilities


• Becoming an entrepreneur and owning your own body shop

Positions for graduates of auto body repair painting courses include:

• Automotive Detailer


• Apprentice Refinishing Prep Technician


• Apprentice Motor Vehicle Body Repairer


• Automotive Metal Fabricator/Welder


• Plastic Repair Technician


• Dent Doctor


• Aftermarket Installer


• Automotive Refinishing Technician


• Automotive Painter


• And More

Typical duties for Refinishing Prep or Auto Body Repair Technicians include:

• Remove wax, grease and dust from the vehicle


• Remove rough spots on vehicle panels and sand surfaces by hand or with air sanders


• Minor damage repairs


• Restoration of anti-corrosion treatments and substrate preparation


• Undercoat product mixing and application ensuring chemical compatibility, adhesion and durability


• Application of anti-corrosion compounds


• Prep vehicle for paint; masking and priming


• Apply primer to repair areas


• Paint parts inners


• Sand the vehicle several times during the painting process


• Possible collision or restorative work, or they may design and create custom paint jobs


• Set the booth to dry the paint


• Remove masking papers and touch up paintwork


• Remove parts, damaged fenders, doors, panels, and grills


• Repair structure of vehicles


• Remove dents, buckles, and other defects


• Repair and replace doors, front-end body, and underbody components


• And more

Where You Take Your Vehicle for Car Repair Is Important

When your vehicle is in need of some work, it is important for you to take the time to choose a car repair shop that is reputable and conveniently located to where you live. Reputation is very important since the better known and liked a particular car repair shop is, the more you know you can trust the work they do. Location is also important, if you ever have a major problem with your vehicle that makes it unsafe to drive or you are only able to drive it a short distance, the closer you are to the shop, the easier and cheaper it will be to drive or have the vehicle towed in. Some auto mechanic shops offer complimentary tow service to their customers if they are located within a short distance from the facility.

There are many different repair shops that are vying for your business. It has become necessary for consumers to protect themselves by taking the proper precautions so they don't become the receivers of bad service. When it comes to getting your vehicle fixed, you don't want to take your car to just any shop. You want to go where you can expect to have your car properly diagnosed and fixed for a very affordable price. This means that if you don't happen to know offhand who you can trust your vehicle with, you are going to need to shop around.

Comparing car repair shops is a bit different than shopping around for other types of consumers' products. Instead of just calling around and finding the answers you need, you have to take your car in to different facilities so they can visually inspect your vehicle before they can give you a fair estimate or price. Some places offer diagnostic services for free, others may charge a small nominal fee. Some places will also waive the fee if you get your vehicle fixed at their facility.

Before you have anyone look at your vehicle, you need to find out if all of their mechanics are ASE certified. If they are not, you may want to take your vehicle elsewhere. That certification means that the mechanics have been trained and deemed competent by the state to do quality work and repairs on vehicles. There are standards that have to be adhered too in facilities that carry the ASE certification.

Don't be afraid to ask car repair shops if they are willing to price match any quotes you may have previously received from other facilities. This will help to lessen the amount of time you spend searching for a great car repair facility considerably. This will also give you a better idea of what you can reasonably expect to pay for certain types of repairs. Once you have found a good facility that you can take your vehicle into when it is in need of service, you will be able to see how much money and time you can save.

Developing Diagnostic Strategies - Using Exhaust Gas Analysis

Diagnosing emission failures, using the exhaust gas analyzer can be a task. Auto repair is constantly evolving and has become a technical field to work in. Using the proper knowledge, you can find the right auto mechanic to repair your emission failure and be on the road to a cleaner atmosphere along with a fatter wallet. Here we will examine carbon emissions and 5-gas analysis.

Lambda, Combustion Efficiency, Carbon Gases, CAT Efficiency and EVAP Emissions:

- Lambda is perfect air fuel ratio 14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel. The closer you get to Lambda, the less carbon emissions. Lambda is a great diagnostic tool, more fuel and less air means rich condition, which will cause the CO and HC gases to be high. We will discuss carbon emissions further in the article.

- Combustion efficiency speaks for itself, the more efficient the combustion is, the cleaner the emissions gases are and the better the fuel mileage is. For checking combustion on your vehicle, consult an auto repair technician with the proper equipment. Carbon Gases pollute the earths atmosphere and can cause a number of Ozone problems including "Acid Rain". There are three very harmful gases; Carbon Monoxide, Hydrocarbons and Oxides of nitrogen.

- Carbon monoxide or (CO), this harmful gas will usually be out of range when there is a fuel problem and the vehicle is rich, considering it is a reading of unburned fuel or raw fuel escaping the tailpipe.

- Hydrocarbons or (HC), this gas is will be seen usually with an ignition problem. HC is read in parts per million or grams per mile. It is the reading of partially burned fuel escaping the tail pipe. Both of these carbon emission gases can be easily diagnosed, using the correct procedure and checks, including your Lambda Numbers.

- Oxides of Nitrogen or (NOX), A gas that has been known to cause acid rain. NOX basically boils down to Cylinder pressure or temperature. The more pressure or heat in the cylinder the higher the NOX will be. If a cylinder exceeds 2,500 degrees the vehicle will produces excessive NOX. This can be achieved in different ways including the exhaust gas recirculation or (EGR) system.

- Catalytic Converter or (CAT) efficiency, the catalytic converter is the most important emissions component on a vehicle with an internal combustion engine. The CAT cleans the carbon emissions to virtually zero when it is 100% efficient. Engineers have created an Ozone preserving automotive part, which needs to be in excellent operating condition.

- Evaporative Emissions or (EVAP) one of the most complicated emission repairs, if you do not have the training and equipment. EVAP emissions pollutes the Ozone 10 times more the vehicles tailpipe because to the CAT. Evaporative Emissions is actual fuel vapor that is creating carbon gases. Gasoline is a huge carcinogen, which means it causes cancer and is very harmful, be careful gassing up your ride. The invention of the catalytic converter has significantly reduced tailpipe emissions therefore EVAP emissions is now the major contributor to carbon gases. I have experienced many different problems concerning the EVAP system and have a great skill for Evaporative system diagnosis.

Most importantly, find the proper auto repair facility to diagnose and repair harmful emissions failures. Not only will this preserve our Ozone, it will also save you money. The best way to locate a great auto mechanic is to look at their emissions work. If they are poor on diagnosing carbon emission failures and do not have a 5-gas analyzer, then they do not have the training and or equipment to diagnose a drive ability problem or check engine light. I have worked on cars all of my life and currently perform quality auto repair. In this article I have examined carbon emissions and 5-Gas analysis.